dwm

personal fork of dwm (rnpnr branch)
git clone anongit@rnpnr.xyz:dwm.git
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dwm.c (55068B)


      1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
      2  *
      3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
      4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
      5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
      6  * events about window (dis-)appearance. Only one X connection at a time is
      7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
      8  *
      9  * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
     10  * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
     11  * in O(1) time.
     12  *
     13  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
     14  * set the override_redirect flag. Clients are organized in a linked client
     15  * list on each monitor, the focus history is remembered through a stack list
     16  * on each monitor. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
     17  * client.
     18  *
     19  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
     20  *
     21  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
     22  */
     23 
     24 /* macros */
     25 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
     26 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask) & (ShiftMask|ControlMask|Mod1Mask|Mod2Mask|Mod3Mask|Mod4Mask|Mod5Mask))
     27 #define INTERSECT(x,y,w,h,m)    (MAX(0, MIN((x)+(w),(m)->wx+(m)->ww) - MAX((x),(m)->wx)) \
     28                                * MAX(0, MIN((y)+(h),(m)->wy+(m)->wh) - MAX((y),(m)->wy)))
     29 #define ISVISIBLE(C)            ((C->tags & C->mon->tagset[C->mon->seltags]))
     30 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
     31 #define WIDTH(X)                ((X)->w + 2 * (X)->bw)
     32 #define HEIGHT(X)               ((X)->h + 2 * (X)->bw)
     33 #define NUMTAGS                 (LENGTH(tags) + LENGTH(scratchpads))
     34 #define TAGMASK                 ((1 << NUMTAGS) - 1)
     35 #define SPTAG(i)                ((1 << LENGTH(tags)) << (i))
     36 #define SPTAGMASK               (((1 << LENGTH(scratchpads))-1) << LENGTH(tags))
     37 #define TEXTW(X)                (drw_fontset_getwidth(drw, (X)) + lrpad)
     38 
     39 /* enums */
     40 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast }; /* cursor */
     41 enum { SchemeNorm, SchemeSel, SchemeWarn, SchemeUrgent }; /* color schemes */
     42 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetWMState, NetWMCheck,
     43        NetWMFullscreen, NetActiveWindow, NetWMWindowType,
     44        NetWMWindowTypeDialog, NetClientList, NetLast }; /* EWMH atoms */
     45 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMTakeFocus, WMLast }; /* default atoms */
     46 enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
     47        ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast }; /* clicks */
     48 
     49 typedef union {
     50 	int i;
     51 	unsigned int ui;
     52 	float f;
     53 	const void *v;
     54 } Arg;
     55 
     56 typedef struct {
     57 	unsigned int click;
     58 	unsigned int mask;
     59 	unsigned int button;
     60 	void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
     61 	const Arg arg;
     62 } Button;
     63 
     64 typedef struct Monitor Monitor;
     65 typedef struct Client Client;
     66 struct Client {
     67 	char name[256];
     68 	float mina, maxa;
     69 	int x, y, w, h;
     70 	int oldx, oldy, oldw, oldh;
     71 	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh, hintsvalid;
     72 	int bw, oldbw;
     73 	unsigned int tags;
     74 	int isfixed, isfloating, isurgent, neverfocus, oldstate, isfullscreen;
     75 	Client *next;
     76 	Client *snext;
     77 	Monitor *mon;
     78 	Window win;
     79 };
     80 
     81 typedef struct {
     82 	unsigned int mod;
     83 	KeySym keysym;
     84 	void (*func)(const Arg *);
     85 	const Arg arg;
     86 } Key;
     87 
     88 typedef struct {
     89 	const char *symbol;
     90 	void (*arrange)(Monitor *);
     91 } Layout;
     92 
     93 struct Monitor {
     94 	char ltsymbol[16];
     95 	float mfact;
     96 	int nmaster;
     97 	int num;
     98 	int by;               /* bar geometry */
     99 	int mx, my, mw, mh;   /* screen size */
    100 	int wx, wy, ww, wh;   /* window area  */
    101 	int gappih;           /* horizontal gap between windows */
    102 	int gappiv;           /* vertical gap between windows */
    103 	int gappoh;           /* horizontal outer gaps */
    104 	int gappov;           /* vertical outer gaps */
    105 	unsigned int seltags;
    106 	unsigned int sellt;
    107 	unsigned int tagset[2];
    108 	int showbar;
    109 	int topbar;
    110 	Client *clients;
    111 	Client *sel;
    112 	Client *stack;
    113 	Monitor *next;
    114 	Window barwin;
    115 	const Layout *lt[2];
    116 };
    117 
    118 typedef struct {
    119 	const char *class;
    120 	const char *instance;
    121 	const char *title;
    122 	unsigned int tags;
    123 	int isfloating;
    124 	int monitor;
    125 } Rule;
    126 
    127 /* function declarations */
    128 static void applyrules(Client *c);
    129 static int applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, int interact);
    130 static void arrange(Monitor *m);
    131 static void arrangemon(Monitor *m);
    132 static void attach(Client *c);
    133 static void attachstack(Client *c);
    134 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
    135 static void checkotherwm(void);
    136 static void cleanup(void);
    137 static void cleanupmon(Monitor *mon);
    138 static void clientmessage(XEvent *e);
    139 static void configure(Client *c);
    140 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
    141 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
    142 static Monitor *createmon(void);
    143 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
    144 static void detach(Client *c);
    145 static void detachstack(Client *c);
    146 static Monitor *dirtomon(int dir);
    147 static void drawbar(Monitor *m);
    148 static void drawbars(void);
    149 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
    150 static void expose(XEvent *e);
    151 static void focus(Client *c);
    152 static void focusin(XEvent *e);
    153 static void focusmon(const Arg *arg);
    154 static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
    155 static Atom getatomprop(Client *c, Atom prop);
    156 static int getrootptr(int *x, int *y);
    157 static long getstate(Window w);
    158 static int gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
    159 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, int focused);
    160 static void grabkeys(void);
    161 static void incnmaster(const Arg *arg);
    162 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
    163 static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
    164 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
    165 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
    166 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
    167 static void monocle(Monitor *m);
    168 static void motionnotify(XEvent *e);
    169 static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
    170 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
    171 static void pop(Client *c);
    172 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
    173 static void quit(const Arg *arg);
    174 static Monitor *recttomon(int x, int y, int w, int h);
    175 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, int interact);
    176 static void resizeclient(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h);
    177 static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
    178 static void restack(Monitor *m);
    179 static void run(void);
    180 static void scan(void);
    181 static int sendevent(Client *c, Atom proto);
    182 static void sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m);
    183 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
    184 static void setfocus(Client *c);
    185 static void setfullscreen(Client *c, int fullscreen);
    186 static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
    187 static void nextlayout(const Arg *arg);
    188 static void prevlayout(const Arg *arg);
    189 static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
    190 static void setup(void);
    191 static void seturgent(Client *c, int urg);
    192 static void showhide(Client *c);
    193 static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
    194 static void tag(const Arg *arg);
    195 static void tagmon(const Arg *arg);
    196 static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
    197 static void togglefakefull(const Arg *arg);
    198 static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
    199 static void togglefullscr(const Arg *arg);
    200 static void togglescratch(const Arg *arg);
    201 static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
    202 static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
    203 static void unfocus(Client *c, int setfocus);
    204 static void unmanage(Client *c, int destroyed);
    205 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
    206 static void updatebarpos(Monitor *m);
    207 static void updatebars(void);
    208 static void updateclientlist(void);
    209 static int updategeom(void);
    210 static void updatenumlockmask(void);
    211 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
    212 static void updatestatus(void);
    213 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
    214 static void updatewindowtype(Client *c);
    215 static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
    216 static void view(const Arg *arg);
    217 static Client *wintoclient(Window w);
    218 static Monitor *wintomon(Window w);
    219 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
    220 static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
    221 static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
    222 static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
    223 
    224 /* variables */
    225 static const char broken[] = "broken";
    226 static char stext[256];
    227 static int screen;
    228 static int sw, sh;           /* X display screen geometry width, height */
    229 static int bh;               /* bar height */
    230 static int lrpad;            /* sum of left and right padding for text */
    231 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
    232 static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
    233 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
    234 	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
    235 	[ClientMessage] = clientmessage,
    236 	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
    237 	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
    238 	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
    239 	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
    240 	[Expose] = expose,
    241 	[FocusIn] = focusin,
    242 	[KeyPress] = keypress,
    243 	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
    244 	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
    245 	[MotionNotify] = motionnotify,
    246 	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
    247 	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
    248 };
    249 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
    250 static int running = 1;
    251 static Cur *cursor[CurLast];
    252 static Clr **scheme;
    253 static Display *dpy;
    254 static Drw *drw;
    255 static Monitor *mons, *selmon;
    256 static Window root, wmcheckwin;
    257 
    258 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
    259 #include "config.h"
    260 
    261 /* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
    262 struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[LENGTH(tags) > 31 ? -1 : 1]; };
    263 
    264 /* function implementations */
    265 void
    266 applyrules(Client *c)
    267 {
    268 	const char *class, *instance;
    269 	unsigned int i;
    270 	const Rule *r;
    271 	Monitor *m;
    272 	XClassHint ch = { NULL, NULL };
    273 
    274 	/* rule matching */
    275 	c->isfloating = 0;
    276 	c->tags = 0;
    277 	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
    278 	class    = ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : broken;
    279 	instance = ch.res_name  ? ch.res_name  : broken;
    280 
    281 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
    282 		r = &rules[i];
    283 		if ((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
    284 		&& (!r->class || strstr(class, r->class))
    285 		&& (!r->instance || strstr(instance, r->instance)))
    286 		{
    287 			c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
    288 			c->tags |= r->tags;
    289 			if ((r->tags & SPTAGMASK) && r->isfloating) {
    290 				c->x = c->mon->wx + (c->mon->ww / 2 - WIDTH(c) / 2);
    291 				c->y = c->mon->wy + (c->mon->wh / 2 - HEIGHT(c) / 2);
    292 			}
    293 
    294 			for (m = mons; m && m->num != r->monitor; m = m->next);
    295 			if (m)
    296 				c->mon = m;
    297 		}
    298 	}
    299 	if (ch.res_class)
    300 		XFree(ch.res_class);
    301 	if (ch.res_name)
    302 		XFree(ch.res_name);
    303 	c->tags = c->tags & TAGMASK ? c->tags & TAGMASK : (c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags] & ~SPTAGMASK);
    304 }
    305 
    306 int
    307 applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, int interact)
    308 {
    309 	int baseismin;
    310 	Monitor *m = c->mon;
    311 
    312 	/* set minimum possible */
    313 	*w = MAX(1, *w);
    314 	*h = MAX(1, *h);
    315 	if (interact) {
    316 		if (*x > sw)
    317 			*x = sw - WIDTH(c);
    318 		if (*y > sh)
    319 			*y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
    320 		if (*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < 0)
    321 			*x = 0;
    322 		if (*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < 0)
    323 			*y = 0;
    324 	} else {
    325 		if (*x >= m->wx + m->ww)
    326 			*x = m->wx + m->ww - WIDTH(c);
    327 		if (*y >= m->wy + m->wh)
    328 			*y = m->wy + m->wh - HEIGHT(c);
    329 		if (*x + *w + 2 * c->bw <= m->wx)
    330 			*x = m->wx;
    331 		if (*y + *h + 2 * c->bw <= m->wy)
    332 			*y = m->wy;
    333 	}
    334 	if (*h < bh)
    335 		*h = bh;
    336 	if (*w < bh)
    337 		*w = bh;
    338 	if (resizehints || c->isfloating || !c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange) {
    339 		if (!c->hintsvalid)
    340 			updatesizehints(c);
    341 		/* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
    342 		baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
    343 		if (!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
    344 			*w -= c->basew;
    345 			*h -= c->baseh;
    346 		}
    347 		/* adjust for aspect limits */
    348 		if (c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
    349 			if (c->maxa < (float)*w / *h)
    350 				*w = *h * c->maxa + 0.5;
    351 			else if (c->mina < (float)*h / *w)
    352 				*h = *w * c->mina + 0.5;
    353 		}
    354 		if (baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
    355 			*w -= c->basew;
    356 			*h -= c->baseh;
    357 		}
    358 		/* adjust for increment value */
    359 		if (c->incw)
    360 			*w -= *w % c->incw;
    361 		if (c->inch)
    362 			*h -= *h % c->inch;
    363 		/* restore base dimensions */
    364 		*w = MAX(*w + c->basew, c->minw);
    365 		*h = MAX(*h + c->baseh, c->minh);
    366 		if (c->maxw)
    367 			*w = MIN(*w, c->maxw);
    368 		if (c->maxh)
    369 			*h = MIN(*h, c->maxh);
    370 	}
    371 	return *x != c->x || *y != c->y || *w != c->w || *h != c->h;
    372 }
    373 
    374 void
    375 arrange(Monitor *m)
    376 {
    377 	if (m)
    378 		showhide(m->stack);
    379 	else for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
    380 		showhide(m->stack);
    381 	if (m) {
    382 		arrangemon(m);
    383 		restack(m);
    384 	} else for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
    385 		arrangemon(m);
    386 }
    387 
    388 void
    389 arrangemon(Monitor *m)
    390 {
    391 	strncpy(m->ltsymbol, m->lt[m->sellt]->symbol, sizeof(m->ltsymbol) - 1);
    392 	if (m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
    393 		m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange(m);
    394 }
    395 
    396 void
    397 attach(Client *c)
    398 {
    399 	c->next = c->mon->clients;
    400 	c->mon->clients = c;
    401 }
    402 
    403 void
    404 attachstack(Client *c)
    405 {
    406 	c->snext = c->mon->stack;
    407 	c->mon->stack = c;
    408 }
    409 
    410 void
    411 buttonpress(XEvent *e)
    412 {
    413 	unsigned int i, x, click, occ = 0;
    414 	Arg arg = {0};
    415 	Client *c;
    416 	Monitor *m;
    417 	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
    418 
    419 	click = ClkRootWin;
    420 	/* focus monitor if necessary */
    421 	if ((m = wintomon(ev->window)) && m != selmon) {
    422 		unfocus(selmon->sel, 1);
    423 		selmon = m;
    424 		focus(NULL);
    425 	}
    426 	if (ev->window == selmon->barwin) {
    427 		i = x = 0;
    428 		for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
    429 			occ |= c->tags == 255 ? 0 : c->tags;
    430 		do {
    431 			/* do not reserve space for vacant tags */
    432 			if (!(occ & 1 << i || m->tagset[m->seltags] & 1 << i))
    433 				continue;
    434 			x += TEXTW(tags[i]);
    435 		} while (ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
    436 		if (i < LENGTH(tags)) {
    437 			click = ClkTagBar;
    438 			arg.ui = 1 << i;
    439 		} else if (ev->x < x + TEXTW(selmon->ltsymbol))
    440 			click = ClkLtSymbol;
    441 		else if (ev->x > selmon->ww - (int)TEXTW(stext))
    442 			click = ClkStatusText;
    443 		else
    444 			click = ClkWinTitle;
    445 	} else if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
    446 		focus(c);
    447 		restack(selmon);
    448 		XAllowEvents(dpy, ReplayPointer, CurrentTime);
    449 		click = ClkClientWin;
    450 	}
    451 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
    452 		if (click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
    453 		&& CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
    454 			buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
    455 }
    456 
    457 void
    458 checkotherwm(void)
    459 {
    460 	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
    461 	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
    462 	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
    463 	XSync(dpy, False);
    464 	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
    465 	XSync(dpy, False);
    466 }
    467 
    468 void
    469 cleanup(void)
    470 {
    471 	Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
    472 	Layout foo = { "", NULL };
    473 	Monitor *m;
    474 	size_t i;
    475 
    476 	view(&a);
    477 	selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = &foo;
    478 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
    479 		while (m->stack)
    480 			unmanage(m->stack, 0);
    481 	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
    482 	while (mons)
    483 		cleanupmon(mons);
    484 	for (i = 0; i < CurLast; i++)
    485 		drw_cur_free(drw, cursor[i]);
    486 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(colors); i++)
    487 		drw_scm_free(drw, scheme[i], 3);
    488 	free(scheme);
    489 	XDestroyWindow(dpy, wmcheckwin);
    490 	drw_free(drw);
    491 	XSync(dpy, False);
    492 	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
    493 	XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
    494 }
    495 
    496 void
    497 cleanupmon(Monitor *mon)
    498 {
    499 	Monitor *m;
    500 
    501 	if (mon == mons)
    502 		mons = mons->next;
    503 	else {
    504 		for (m = mons; m && m->next != mon; m = m->next);
    505 		m->next = mon->next;
    506 	}
    507 	XUnmapWindow(dpy, mon->barwin);
    508 	XDestroyWindow(dpy, mon->barwin);
    509 	free(mon);
    510 }
    511 
    512 void
    513 clientmessage(XEvent *e)
    514 {
    515 	XClientMessageEvent *cme = &e->xclient;
    516 	Client *c = wintoclient(cme->window);
    517 
    518 	if (!c)
    519 		return;
    520 	if (cme->message_type == netatom[NetWMState]) {
    521 		if (cme->data.l[1] == netatom[NetWMFullscreen]
    522 		|| cme->data.l[2] == netatom[NetWMFullscreen])
    523 			setfullscreen(c, (cme->data.l[0] == 1 /* _NET_WM_STATE_ADD    */
    524 				|| (cme->data.l[0] == 2 /* _NET_WM_STATE_TOGGLE */ && !c->isfullscreen)));
    525 	} else if (cme->message_type == netatom[NetActiveWindow]) {
    526 		if (c != selmon->sel && !c->isurgent)
    527 			seturgent(c, 1);
    528 	}
    529 }
    530 
    531 void
    532 configure(Client *c)
    533 {
    534 	XConfigureEvent ce;
    535 
    536 	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
    537 	ce.display = dpy;
    538 	ce.event = c->win;
    539 	ce.window = c->win;
    540 	ce.x = c->x;
    541 	ce.y = c->y;
    542 	ce.width = c->w;
    543 	ce.height = c->h;
    544 	ce.border_width = c->bw;
    545 	ce.above = None;
    546 	ce.override_redirect = False;
    547 	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
    548 }
    549 
    550 void
    551 configurenotify(XEvent *e)
    552 {
    553 	Monitor *m;
    554 	Client *c;
    555 	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
    556 	int dirty;
    557 
    558 	/* TODO: updategeom handling sucks, needs to be simplified */
    559 	if (ev->window == root) {
    560 		dirty = (sw != ev->width || sh != ev->height);
    561 		sw = ev->width;
    562 		sh = ev->height;
    563 		if (updategeom() || dirty) {
    564 			drw_resize(drw, sw, bh);
    565 			updatebars();
    566 			for (m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
    567 				if (!fakefullscreen)
    568 					for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
    569 						if (c->isfullscreen)
    570 							resizeclient(c, m->mx, m->my, m->mw, m->mh);
    571 				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, m->barwin, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh);
    572 			}
    573 			focus(NULL);
    574 			arrange(NULL);
    575 		}
    576 	}
    577 }
    578 
    579 void
    580 configurerequest(XEvent *e)
    581 {
    582 	Client *c;
    583 	Monitor *m;
    584 	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
    585 	XWindowChanges wc;
    586 
    587 	if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
    588 		if (ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
    589 			c->bw = ev->border_width;
    590 		else if (c->isfloating || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange) {
    591 			m = c->mon;
    592 			if (ev->value_mask & CWX) {
    593 				c->oldx = c->x;
    594 				c->x = m->mx + ev->x;
    595 			}
    596 			if (ev->value_mask & CWY) {
    597 				c->oldy = c->y;
    598 				c->y = m->my + ev->y;
    599 			}
    600 			if (ev->value_mask & CWWidth) {
    601 				c->oldw = c->w;
    602 				c->w = ev->width;
    603 			}
    604 			if (ev->value_mask & CWHeight) {
    605 				c->oldh = c->h;
    606 				c->h = ev->height;
    607 			}
    608 			if ((c->x + c->w) > m->mx + m->mw && c->isfloating)
    609 				c->x = m->mx + (m->mw / 2 - WIDTH(c) / 2); /* center in x direction */
    610 			if ((c->y + c->h) > m->my + m->mh && c->isfloating)
    611 				c->y = m->my + (m->mh / 2 - HEIGHT(c) / 2); /* center in y direction */
    612 			if ((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
    613 				configure(c);
    614 			if (ISVISIBLE(c))
    615 				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
    616 		} else
    617 			configure(c);
    618 	} else {
    619 		wc.x = ev->x;
    620 		wc.y = ev->y;
    621 		wc.width = ev->width;
    622 		wc.height = ev->height;
    623 		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
    624 		wc.sibling = ev->above;
    625 		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
    626 		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
    627 	}
    628 	XSync(dpy, False);
    629 }
    630 
    631 Monitor *
    632 createmon(void)
    633 {
    634 	Monitor *m;
    635 
    636 	m = ecalloc(1, sizeof(Monitor));
    637 	m->tagset[0] = m->tagset[1] = 1;
    638 	m->mfact = mfact;
    639 	m->nmaster = nmaster;
    640 	m->showbar = showbar;
    641 	m->topbar = topbar;
    642 	m->gappih = gappih;
    643 	m->gappiv = gappiv;
    644 	m->gappoh = gappoh;
    645 	m->gappov = gappov;
    646 	m->lt[0] = &layouts[0];
    647 	m->lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
    648 	strncpy(m->ltsymbol, layouts[0].symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);
    649 	return m;
    650 }
    651 
    652 void
    653 destroynotify(XEvent *e)
    654 {
    655 	Client *c;
    656 	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
    657 
    658 	if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
    659 		unmanage(c, 1);
    660 }
    661 
    662 void
    663 detach(Client *c)
    664 {
    665 	Client **tc;
    666 
    667 	for (tc = &c->mon->clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
    668 	*tc = c->next;
    669 }
    670 
    671 void
    672 detachstack(Client *c)
    673 {
    674 	Client **tc, *t;
    675 
    676 	for (tc = &c->mon->stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
    677 	*tc = c->snext;
    678 
    679 	if (c == c->mon->sel) {
    680 		for (t = c->mon->stack; t && !ISVISIBLE(t); t = t->snext);
    681 		c->mon->sel = t;
    682 	}
    683 }
    684 
    685 Monitor *
    686 dirtomon(int dir)
    687 {
    688 	Monitor *m = NULL;
    689 
    690 	if (dir > 0) {
    691 		if (!(m = selmon->next))
    692 			m = mons;
    693 	} else if (selmon == mons)
    694 		for (m = mons; m->next; m = m->next);
    695 	else
    696 		for (m = mons; m->next != selmon; m = m->next);
    697 	return m;
    698 }
    699 
    700 void
    701 drawbar(Monitor *m)
    702 {
    703 	int x, w, tw = 0;
    704 	int boxs = drw->fonts->h / 9;
    705 	int boxw = drw->fonts->h / 6 + 2;
    706 	unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
    707 	char *ts = stext;
    708 	char *tp = stext;
    709 	int tx = 0;
    710 	unsigned int ctmp;
    711 	Client *c;
    712 
    713 	if (!m->showbar)
    714 		return;
    715 
    716 	/* draw status first so it can be overdrawn by tags later */
    717 	if (m == selmon) { /* status is only drawn on selected monitor */
    718 		drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[SchemeNorm]);
    719 		tw = TEXTW(stext) - lrpad + 2; /* 2px right padding */
    720 		for (;;) {
    721 			while (*ts > LENGTH(colors))
    722 				ts++;
    723 
    724 			ctmp = *ts;
    725 			*ts = '\0';
    726 			drw_text(drw, m->ww - tw + tx, 0, tw - tx, bh, 0, tp, 0);
    727 			tx += TEXTW(tp) - lrpad;
    728 			if (ctmp == '\0')
    729 				break;
    730 			drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[ctmp - 1]);
    731 			*ts = ctmp;
    732 			tp = ++ts;
    733 		}
    734 	}
    735 
    736 	for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
    737 		occ |= c->tags == 255 ? 0 : c->tags;
    738 		if (c->isurgent)
    739 			urg |= c->tags;
    740 	}
    741 	x = 0;
    742 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
    743 		/* do not draw vacant tags */
    744 		if (!(occ & 1 << i || m->tagset[m->seltags] & 1 << i))
    745 			continue;
    746 
    747 		w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
    748 		drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[m->tagset[m->seltags] & 1 << i ? SchemeSel : SchemeNorm]);
    749 		drw_text(drw, x, 0, w, bh, lrpad / 2, tags[i], urg & 1 << i);
    750 		x += w;
    751 	}
    752 	w = TEXTW(m->ltsymbol);
    753 	drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[SchemeNorm]);
    754 	x = drw_text(drw, x, 0, w, bh, lrpad / 2, m->ltsymbol, 0);
    755 
    756 	if ((w = m->ww - tw - x) > bh) {
    757 		if (m->sel) {
    758 			drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[m == selmon ? SchemeSel : SchemeNorm]);
    759 			drw_text(drw, x, 0, w, bh, lrpad / 2, m->sel->name, 0);
    760 			if (m->sel->isfloating)
    761 				drw_rect(drw, x + boxs, boxs, boxw, boxw, m->sel->isfixed, 0);
    762 		} else {
    763 			drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[SchemeNorm]);
    764 			drw_rect(drw, x, 0, w, bh, 1, 1);
    765 		}
    766 	}
    767 	drw_map(drw, m->barwin, 0, 0, m->ww, bh);
    768 }
    769 
    770 void
    771 drawbars(void)
    772 {
    773 	Monitor *m;
    774 
    775 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
    776 		drawbar(m);
    777 }
    778 
    779 void
    780 enternotify(XEvent *e)
    781 {
    782 	Client *c;
    783 	Monitor *m;
    784 	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
    785 
    786 	if ((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
    787 		return;
    788 	c = wintoclient(ev->window);
    789 	m = c ? c->mon : wintomon(ev->window);
    790 	if (m != selmon) {
    791 		unfocus(selmon->sel, 1);
    792 		selmon = m;
    793 	} else if (!c || c == selmon->sel)
    794 		return;
    795 	focus(c);
    796 }
    797 
    798 void
    799 expose(XEvent *e)
    800 {
    801 	Monitor *m;
    802 	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
    803 
    804 	if (ev->count == 0 && (m = wintomon(ev->window)))
    805 		drawbar(m);
    806 }
    807 
    808 void
    809 focus(Client *c)
    810 {
    811 	if (!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
    812 		for (c = selmon->stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
    813 	if (selmon->sel && selmon->sel != c)
    814 		unfocus(selmon->sel, 0);
    815 	if (c) {
    816 		if (c->mon != selmon)
    817 			selmon = c->mon;
    818 		if (c->isurgent)
    819 			seturgent(c, 0);
    820 		detachstack(c);
    821 		attachstack(c);
    822 		grabbuttons(c, 1);
    823 		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, scheme[SchemeSel][ColBorder].pixel);
    824 		setfocus(c);
    825 	} else {
    826 		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
    827 		XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
    828 	}
    829 	selmon->sel = c;
    830 	drawbars();
    831 }
    832 
    833 /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients needing extra handling */
    834 void
    835 focusin(XEvent *e)
    836 {
    837 	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
    838 
    839 	if (selmon->sel && ev->window != selmon->sel->win)
    840 		setfocus(selmon->sel);
    841 }
    842 
    843 void
    844 focusmon(const Arg *arg)
    845 {
    846 	Monitor *m;
    847 
    848 	if (!mons->next)
    849 		return;
    850 	if ((m = dirtomon(arg->i)) == selmon)
    851 		return;
    852 	unfocus(selmon->sel, 0);
    853 	selmon = m;
    854 	focus(NULL);
    855 }
    856 
    857 void
    858 focusstack(const Arg *arg)
    859 {
    860 	Client *c = NULL, *i;
    861 
    862 	if (!selmon->sel || (selmon->sel->isfullscreen && !fakefullscreen))
    863 		return;
    864 	if (arg->i > 0) {
    865 		for (c = selmon->sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
    866 		if (!c)
    867 			for (c = selmon->clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
    868 	} else {
    869 		for (i = selmon->clients; i != selmon->sel; i = i->next)
    870 			if (ISVISIBLE(i))
    871 				c = i;
    872 		if (!c)
    873 			for (; i; i = i->next)
    874 				if (ISVISIBLE(i))
    875 					c = i;
    876 	}
    877 	if (c) {
    878 		focus(c);
    879 		restack(selmon);
    880 	}
    881 }
    882 
    883 Atom
    884 getatomprop(Client *c, Atom prop)
    885 {
    886 	int di;
    887 	unsigned long dl;
    888 	unsigned char *p = NULL;
    889 	Atom da, atom = None;
    890 
    891 	if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, c->win, prop, 0L, sizeof atom, False, XA_ATOM,
    892 		&da, &di, &dl, &dl, &p) == Success && p) {
    893 		if (dl > 0)
    894 			atom = *(Atom *)p;
    895 		XFree(p);
    896 	}
    897 	return atom;
    898 }
    899 
    900 int
    901 getrootptr(int *x, int *y)
    902 {
    903 	int di;
    904 	unsigned int dui;
    905 	Window dummy;
    906 
    907 	return XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, x, y, &di, &di, &dui);
    908 }
    909 
    910 long
    911 getstate(Window w)
    912 {
    913 	int format;
    914 	long result = -1;
    915 	unsigned char *p = NULL;
    916 	unsigned long n, extra;
    917 	Atom real;
    918 
    919 	if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
    920 		&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p) != Success)
    921 		return -1;
    922 	if (n != 0)
    923 		result = *p;
    924 	XFree(p);
    925 	return result;
    926 }
    927 
    928 int
    929 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size)
    930 {
    931 	char **list = NULL;
    932 	int n;
    933 	XTextProperty name;
    934 
    935 	if (!text || size == 0)
    936 		return 0;
    937 	text[0] = '\0';
    938 	if (!XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom) || !name.nitems)
    939 		return 0;
    940 	if (name.encoding == XA_STRING) {
    941 		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
    942 	} else if (XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success && n > 0 && *list) {
    943 		strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
    944 		XFreeStringList(list);
    945 	}
    946 	text[size - 1] = '\0';
    947 	XFree(name.value);
    948 	return 1;
    949 }
    950 
    951 void
    952 grabbuttons(Client *c, int focused)
    953 {
    954 	updatenumlockmask();
    955 	{
    956 		unsigned int i, j;
    957 		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
    958 		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
    959 		if (!focused)
    960 			XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
    961 				BUTTONMASK, GrabModeSync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
    962 		for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
    963 			if (buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
    964 				for (j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
    965 					XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button,
    966 						buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j],
    967 						c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
    968 						GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
    969 	}
    970 }
    971 
    972 void
    973 grabkeys(void)
    974 {
    975 	updatenumlockmask();
    976 	{
    977 		unsigned int i, j, k;
    978 		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
    979 		int start, end, skip;
    980 		KeySym *syms;
    981 
    982 		XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
    983 		XDisplayKeycodes(dpy, &start, &end);
    984 		syms = XGetKeyboardMapping(dpy, start, end - start + 1, &skip);
    985 		if (!syms)
    986 			return;
    987 		for (k = start; k <= end; k++)
    988 			for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
    989 				/* skip modifier codes, we do that ourselves */
    990 				if (keys[i].keysym == syms[(k - start) * skip])
    991 					for (j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
    992 						XGrabKey(dpy, k,
    993 							 keys[i].mod | modifiers[j],
    994 							 root, True,
    995 							 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
    996 		XFree(syms);
    997 	}
    998 }
    999 
   1000 void
   1001 incnmaster(const Arg *arg)
   1002 {
   1003 	selmon->nmaster = MAX(selmon->nmaster + arg->i, 0);
   1004 	arrange(selmon);
   1005 }
   1006 
   1007 #ifdef XINERAMA
   1008 static int
   1009 isuniquegeom(XineramaScreenInfo *unique, size_t n, XineramaScreenInfo *info)
   1010 {
   1011 	while (n--)
   1012 		if (unique[n].x_org == info->x_org && unique[n].y_org == info->y_org
   1013 		&& unique[n].width == info->width && unique[n].height == info->height)
   1014 			return 0;
   1015 	return 1;
   1016 }
   1017 #endif /* XINERAMA */
   1018 
   1019 void
   1020 keypress(XEvent *e)
   1021 {
   1022 	unsigned int i;
   1023 	KeySym keysym;
   1024 	XKeyEvent *ev;
   1025 
   1026 	ev = &e->xkey;
   1027 	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
   1028 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
   1029 		if (keysym == keys[i].keysym
   1030 		&& CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
   1031 		&& keys[i].func)
   1032 			keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
   1033 }
   1034 
   1035 void
   1036 killclient(const Arg *arg)
   1037 {
   1038 	if (!selmon->sel)
   1039 		return;
   1040 	if (!sendevent(selmon->sel, wmatom[WMDelete])) {
   1041 		XGrabServer(dpy);
   1042 		XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
   1043 		XSetCloseDownMode(dpy, DestroyAll);
   1044 		XKillClient(dpy, selmon->sel->win);
   1045 		XSync(dpy, False);
   1046 		XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
   1047 		XUngrabServer(dpy);
   1048 	}
   1049 }
   1050 
   1051 void
   1052 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa)
   1053 {
   1054 	Client *c, *t = NULL;
   1055 	Window trans = None;
   1056 	XWindowChanges wc;
   1057 
   1058 	c = ecalloc(1, sizeof(Client));
   1059 	c->win = w;
   1060 	/* geometry */
   1061 	c->x = c->oldx = wa->x;
   1062 	c->y = c->oldy = wa->y;
   1063 	c->w = c->oldw = wa->width;
   1064 	c->h = c->oldh = wa->height;
   1065 	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
   1066 
   1067 	updatetitle(c);
   1068 	if (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) && (t = wintoclient(trans))) {
   1069 		c->mon = t->mon;
   1070 		c->tags = t->tags;
   1071 	} else {
   1072 		c->mon = selmon;
   1073 		applyrules(c);
   1074 	}
   1075 
   1076 	if (c->x + WIDTH(c) > c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww)
   1077 		c->x = c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww - WIDTH(c);
   1078 	if (c->y + HEIGHT(c) > c->mon->wy + c->mon->wh)
   1079 		c->y = c->mon->wy + c->mon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
   1080 	c->x = MAX(c->x, c->mon->wx);
   1081 	c->y = MAX(c->y, c->mon->wy);
   1082 	c->bw = borderpx;
   1083 
   1084 	wc.border_width = c->bw;
   1085 	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
   1086 	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, scheme[SchemeNorm][ColBorder].pixel);
   1087 	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
   1088 	updatewindowtype(c);
   1089 	updatesizehints(c);
   1090 	updatewmhints(c);
   1091 	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
   1092 	grabbuttons(c, 0);
   1093 	if (!c->isfloating)
   1094 		c->isfloating = c->oldstate = trans != None || c->isfixed;
   1095 	if (c->isfloating)
   1096 		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
   1097 	attach(c);
   1098 	attachstack(c);
   1099 	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList], XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeAppend,
   1100 		(unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);
   1101 	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
   1102 	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
   1103 	if (c->mon == selmon)
   1104 		unfocus(selmon->sel, 0);
   1105 	c->mon->sel = c;
   1106 	arrange(c->mon);
   1107 	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
   1108 	focus(NULL);
   1109 }
   1110 
   1111 void
   1112 mappingnotify(XEvent *e)
   1113 {
   1114 	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
   1115 
   1116 	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
   1117 	if (ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
   1118 		grabkeys();
   1119 }
   1120 
   1121 void
   1122 maprequest(XEvent *e)
   1123 {
   1124 	static XWindowAttributes wa;
   1125 	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
   1126 
   1127 	if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa) || wa.override_redirect)
   1128 		return;
   1129 	if (!wintoclient(ev->window))
   1130 		manage(ev->window, &wa);
   1131 }
   1132 
   1133 void
   1134 monocle(Monitor *m)
   1135 {
   1136 	unsigned int n = 0;
   1137 	Client *c;
   1138 
   1139 	for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
   1140 		if (ISVISIBLE(c))
   1141 			n++;
   1142 	if (n > 0) /* override layout symbol */
   1143 		snprintf(m->ltsymbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol, "[%d]", n);
   1144 	for (c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
   1145 		resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw, 0);
   1146 }
   1147 
   1148 void
   1149 motionnotify(XEvent *e)
   1150 {
   1151 	static Monitor *mon = NULL;
   1152 	Monitor *m;
   1153 	XMotionEvent *ev = &e->xmotion;
   1154 
   1155 	if (ev->window != root)
   1156 		return;
   1157 	if ((m = recttomon(ev->x_root, ev->y_root, 1, 1)) != mon && mon) {
   1158 		unfocus(selmon->sel, 1);
   1159 		selmon = m;
   1160 		focus(NULL);
   1161 	}
   1162 	mon = m;
   1163 }
   1164 
   1165 void
   1166 movemouse(const Arg *arg)
   1167 {
   1168 	int x, y, ocx, ocy, nx, ny;
   1169 	Client *c;
   1170 	Monitor *m;
   1171 	XEvent ev;
   1172 	Time lasttime = 0;
   1173 
   1174 	if (!(c = selmon->sel))
   1175 		return;
   1176 	if (c->isfullscreen) /* no support moving fullscreen windows by mouse */
   1177 		return;
   1178 	restack(selmon);
   1179 	ocx = c->x;
   1180 	ocy = c->y;
   1181 	if (XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
   1182 		None, cursor[CurMove]->cursor, CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
   1183 		return;
   1184 	if (!getrootptr(&x, &y))
   1185 		return;
   1186 	do {
   1187 		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
   1188 		switch(ev.type) {
   1189 		case ConfigureRequest:
   1190 		case Expose:
   1191 		case MapRequest:
   1192 			handler[ev.type](&ev);
   1193 			break;
   1194 		case MotionNotify:
   1195 			if ((ev.xmotion.time - lasttime) <= (1000 / refreshrate))
   1196 				continue;
   1197 			lasttime = ev.xmotion.time;
   1198 
   1199 			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
   1200 			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
   1201 			if (abs(selmon->wx - nx) < snap)
   1202 				nx = selmon->wx;
   1203 			else if (abs((selmon->wx + selmon->ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
   1204 				nx = selmon->wx + selmon->ww - WIDTH(c);
   1205 			if (abs(selmon->wy - ny) < snap)
   1206 				ny = selmon->wy;
   1207 			else if (abs((selmon->wy + selmon->wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
   1208 				ny = selmon->wy + selmon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
   1209 			if (!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
   1210 			&& (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
   1211 				togglefloating(NULL);
   1212 			if (!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
   1213 				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, 1);
   1214 			break;
   1215 		}
   1216 	} while (ev.type != ButtonRelease);
   1217 	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
   1218 	if ((m = recttomon(c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h)) != selmon) {
   1219 		sendmon(c, m);
   1220 		selmon = m;
   1221 		focus(NULL);
   1222 	}
   1223 }
   1224 
   1225 Client *
   1226 nexttiled(Client *c)
   1227 {
   1228 	for (; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
   1229 	return c;
   1230 }
   1231 
   1232 void
   1233 pop(Client *c)
   1234 {
   1235 	detach(c);
   1236 	attach(c);
   1237 	focus(c);
   1238 	arrange(c->mon);
   1239 }
   1240 
   1241 void
   1242 propertynotify(XEvent *e)
   1243 {
   1244 	Client *c;
   1245 	Window trans;
   1246 	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
   1247 
   1248 	if ((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME))
   1249 		updatestatus();
   1250 	else if (ev->state == PropertyDelete)
   1251 		return; /* ignore */
   1252 	else if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
   1253 		switch(ev->atom) {
   1254 		default: break;
   1255 		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
   1256 			if (!c->isfloating && (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans)) &&
   1257 				(c->isfloating = (wintoclient(trans)) != NULL))
   1258 				arrange(c->mon);
   1259 			break;
   1260 		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
   1261 			c->hintsvalid = 0;
   1262 			break;
   1263 		case XA_WM_HINTS:
   1264 			updatewmhints(c);
   1265 			drawbars();
   1266 			break;
   1267 		}
   1268 		if (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
   1269 			updatetitle(c);
   1270 			if (c == c->mon->sel)
   1271 				drawbar(c->mon);
   1272 		}
   1273 		if (ev->atom == netatom[NetWMWindowType])
   1274 			updatewindowtype(c);
   1275 	}
   1276 }
   1277 
   1278 void
   1279 quit(const Arg *arg)
   1280 {
   1281 	running = 0;
   1282 }
   1283 
   1284 Monitor *
   1285 recttomon(int x, int y, int w, int h)
   1286 {
   1287 	Monitor *m, *r = selmon;
   1288 	int a, area = 0;
   1289 
   1290 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
   1291 		if ((a = INTERSECT(x, y, w, h, m)) > area) {
   1292 			area = a;
   1293 			r = m;
   1294 		}
   1295 	return r;
   1296 }
   1297 
   1298 void
   1299 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, int interact)
   1300 {
   1301 	if (applysizehints(c, &x, &y, &w, &h, interact))
   1302 		resizeclient(c, x, y, w, h);
   1303 }
   1304 
   1305 void
   1306 resizeclient(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h)
   1307 {
   1308 	XWindowChanges wc;
   1309 
   1310 	c->oldx = c->x; c->x = wc.x = x;
   1311 	c->oldy = c->y; c->y = wc.y = y;
   1312 	c->oldw = c->w; c->w = wc.width = w;
   1313 	c->oldh = c->h; c->h = wc.height = h;
   1314 	wc.border_width = c->bw;
   1315 	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
   1316 	configure(c);
   1317 	XSync(dpy, False);
   1318 }
   1319 
   1320 void
   1321 resizemouse(const Arg *arg)
   1322 {
   1323 	int ocx, ocy, nw, nh;
   1324 	Client *c;
   1325 	Monitor *m;
   1326 	XEvent ev;
   1327 	Time lasttime = 0;
   1328 
   1329 	if (!(c = selmon->sel))
   1330 		return;
   1331 	if (c->isfullscreen) /* no support resizing fullscreen windows by mouse */
   1332 		return;
   1333 	restack(selmon);
   1334 	ocx = c->x;
   1335 	ocy = c->y;
   1336 	if (XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
   1337 		None, cursor[CurResize]->cursor, CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
   1338 		return;
   1339 	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
   1340 	do {
   1341 		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
   1342 		switch(ev.type) {
   1343 		case ConfigureRequest:
   1344 		case Expose:
   1345 		case MapRequest:
   1346 			handler[ev.type](&ev);
   1347 			break;
   1348 		case MotionNotify:
   1349 			if ((ev.xmotion.time - lasttime) <= (1000 / refreshrate))
   1350 				continue;
   1351 			lasttime = ev.xmotion.time;
   1352 
   1353 			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
   1354 			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
   1355 			if (c->mon->wx + nw >= selmon->wx && c->mon->wx + nw <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
   1356 			&& c->mon->wy + nh >= selmon->wy && c->mon->wy + nh <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh)
   1357 			{
   1358 				if (!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
   1359 				&& (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
   1360 					togglefloating(NULL);
   1361 			}
   1362 			if (!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
   1363 				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, 1);
   1364 			break;
   1365 		}
   1366 	} while (ev.type != ButtonRelease);
   1367 	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
   1368 	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
   1369 	while (XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
   1370 	if ((m = recttomon(c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h)) != selmon) {
   1371 		sendmon(c, m);
   1372 		selmon = m;
   1373 		focus(NULL);
   1374 	}
   1375 }
   1376 
   1377 void
   1378 restack(Monitor *m)
   1379 {
   1380 	Client *c;
   1381 	XEvent ev;
   1382 	XWindowChanges wc;
   1383 
   1384 	drawbar(m);
   1385 	if (!m->sel)
   1386 		return;
   1387 	if (m->sel->isfloating || !m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
   1388 		XRaiseWindow(dpy, m->sel->win);
   1389 	if (m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange) {
   1390 		wc.stack_mode = Below;
   1391 		wc.sibling = m->barwin;
   1392 		for (c = m->stack; c; c = c->snext)
   1393 			if (!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
   1394 				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
   1395 				wc.sibling = c->win;
   1396 			}
   1397 	}
   1398 	XSync(dpy, False);
   1399 	while (XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
   1400 }
   1401 
   1402 void
   1403 run(void)
   1404 {
   1405 	XEvent ev;
   1406 	/* main event loop */
   1407 	XSync(dpy, False);
   1408 	while (running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev))
   1409 		if (handler[ev.type])
   1410 			handler[ev.type](&ev); /* call handler */
   1411 }
   1412 
   1413 void
   1414 scan(void)
   1415 {
   1416 	unsigned int i, num;
   1417 	Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
   1418 	XWindowAttributes wa;
   1419 
   1420 	if (XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
   1421 		for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
   1422 			if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
   1423 			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
   1424 				continue;
   1425 			if (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
   1426 				manage(wins[i], &wa);
   1427 		}
   1428 		for (i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
   1429 			if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
   1430 				continue;
   1431 			if (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
   1432 			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
   1433 				manage(wins[i], &wa);
   1434 		}
   1435 		if (wins)
   1436 			XFree(wins);
   1437 	}
   1438 }
   1439 
   1440 void
   1441 sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m)
   1442 {
   1443 	if (c->mon == m)
   1444 		return;
   1445 	unfocus(c, 1);
   1446 	detach(c);
   1447 	detachstack(c);
   1448 	c->mon = m;
   1449 	c->tags = m->tagset[m->seltags]; /* assign tags of target monitor */
   1450 	attach(c);
   1451 	attachstack(c);
   1452 	focus(NULL);
   1453 	arrange(NULL);
   1454 }
   1455 
   1456 void
   1457 setclientstate(Client *c, long state)
   1458 {
   1459 	long data[] = { state, None };
   1460 
   1461 	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
   1462 		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
   1463 }
   1464 
   1465 int
   1466 sendevent(Client *c, Atom proto)
   1467 {
   1468 	int n;
   1469 	Atom *protocols;
   1470 	int exists = 0;
   1471 	XEvent ev;
   1472 
   1473 	if (XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
   1474 		while (!exists && n--)
   1475 			exists = protocols[n] == proto;
   1476 		XFree(protocols);
   1477 	}
   1478 	if (exists) {
   1479 		ev.type = ClientMessage;
   1480 		ev.xclient.window = c->win;
   1481 		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
   1482 		ev.xclient.format = 32;
   1483 		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = proto;
   1484 		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
   1485 		XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
   1486 	}
   1487 	return exists;
   1488 }
   1489 
   1490 void
   1491 setfocus(Client *c)
   1492 {
   1493 	if (!c->neverfocus) {
   1494 		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
   1495 		XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow],
   1496 			XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeReplace,
   1497 			(unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);
   1498 	}
   1499 	sendevent(c, wmatom[WMTakeFocus]);
   1500 }
   1501 
   1502 void
   1503 setfullscreen(Client *c, int fullscreen)
   1504 {
   1505 	if (fullscreen && !c->isfullscreen) {
   1506 		XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
   1507 			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)&netatom[NetWMFullscreen], 1);
   1508 		c->isfullscreen = 1;
   1509 
   1510 		if (fakefullscreen)
   1511 			return;
   1512 
   1513 		c->oldstate = c->isfloating;
   1514 		c->oldbw = c->bw;
   1515 		c->bw = 0;
   1516 		c->isfloating = 1;
   1517 		resizeclient(c, c->mon->mx, c->mon->my, c->mon->mw, c->mon->mh);
   1518 		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
   1519 	} else if (!fullscreen && c->isfullscreen){
   1520 		XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
   1521 			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)0, 0);
   1522 		c->isfullscreen = 0;
   1523 		c->isfloating = c->oldstate;
   1524 		c->bw = c->oldbw;
   1525 		c->x = c->oldx;
   1526 		c->y = c->oldy;
   1527 		c->w = c->oldw;
   1528 		c->h = c->oldh;
   1529 		resizeclient(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
   1530 		arrange(c->mon);
   1531 	}
   1532 }
   1533 
   1534 void
   1535 setlayout(const Arg *arg)
   1536 {
   1537 	if (!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != selmon->lt[selmon->sellt])
   1538 		selmon->sellt ^= 1;
   1539 	if (arg && arg->v)
   1540 		selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
   1541 	strncpy(selmon->ltsymbol, selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->symbol, sizeof(selmon->ltsymbol) - 1);
   1542 	if (selmon->sel)
   1543 		arrange(selmon);
   1544 	else
   1545 		drawbar(selmon);
   1546 }
   1547 
   1548 void
   1549 nextlayout(const Arg *arg)
   1550 {
   1551 	const Layout *l;
   1552 	Arg a;
   1553 
   1554 	for (l = layouts; l != selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]; l++);
   1555 
   1556 	if (l->symbol && (l + 1)->symbol)
   1557 		a.v = (l + 1);
   1558 	else
   1559 		a.v = layouts;
   1560 
   1561 	setlayout(&a);
   1562 }
   1563 
   1564 void
   1565 prevlayout(const Arg *arg)
   1566 {
   1567 	const Layout *l;
   1568 	Arg a;
   1569 
   1570 	for (l = layouts; l != selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]; l++);
   1571 
   1572 	if (l != layouts && (l - 1)->symbol)
   1573 		a.v = (l - 1);
   1574 	else
   1575 		a.v = &layouts[LENGTH(layouts) - 2];
   1576 
   1577 	setlayout(&a);
   1578 }
   1579 
   1580 /* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutely */
   1581 void
   1582 setmfact(const Arg *arg)
   1583 {
   1584 	float f;
   1585 
   1586 	if (!arg || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange)
   1587 		return;
   1588 	f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + selmon->mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
   1589 	if (f < 0.05 || f > 0.95)
   1590 		return;
   1591 	selmon->mfact = f;
   1592 	arrange(selmon);
   1593 }
   1594 
   1595 void
   1596 setup(void)
   1597 {
   1598 	int i;
   1599 	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
   1600 	Atom utf8string;
   1601 	struct sigaction sa;
   1602 
   1603 	/* do not transform children into zombies when they terminate */
   1604 	sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
   1605 	sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP | SA_NOCLDWAIT | SA_RESTART;
   1606 	sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
   1607 	sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
   1608 
   1609 	/* clean up any zombies (inherited from .xinitrc etc) immediately */
   1610 	while (waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG) > 0);
   1611 
   1612 	/* init screen */
   1613 	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
   1614 	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
   1615 	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
   1616 	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
   1617 	drw = drw_create(dpy, screen, root, sw, sh);
   1618 	if (!drw_fontset_create(drw, fonts, LENGTH(fonts)))
   1619 		die("no fonts could be loaded.");
   1620 	lrpad = drw->fonts->h;
   1621 	bh = drw->fonts->h + padbar;
   1622 	updategeom();
   1623 	/* init atoms */
   1624 	utf8string = XInternAtom(dpy, "UTF8_STRING", False);
   1625 	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
   1626 	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
   1627 	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
   1628 	wmatom[WMTakeFocus] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_TAKE_FOCUS", False);
   1629 	netatom[NetActiveWindow] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW", False);
   1630 	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
   1631 	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
   1632 	netatom[NetWMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE", False);
   1633 	netatom[NetWMCheck] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTING_WM_CHECK", False);
   1634 	netatom[NetWMFullscreen] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN", False);
   1635 	netatom[NetWMWindowType] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE", False);
   1636 	netatom[NetWMWindowTypeDialog] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG", False);
   1637 	netatom[NetClientList] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_CLIENT_LIST", False);
   1638 	/* init cursors */
   1639 	cursor[CurNormal] = drw_cur_create(drw, XC_left_ptr);
   1640 	cursor[CurResize] = drw_cur_create(drw, XC_sizing);
   1641 	cursor[CurMove] = drw_cur_create(drw, XC_fleur);
   1642 	/* init appearance */
   1643 	scheme = ecalloc(LENGTH(colors), sizeof(Clr *));
   1644 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(colors); i++)
   1645 		scheme[i] = drw_scm_create(drw, colors[i], 3);
   1646 	/* init bars */
   1647 	updatebars();
   1648 	updatestatus();
   1649 	/* supporting window for NetWMCheck */
   1650 	wmcheckwin = XCreateSimpleWindow(dpy, root, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
   1651 	XChangeProperty(dpy, wmcheckwin, netatom[NetWMCheck], XA_WINDOW, 32,
   1652 		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) &wmcheckwin, 1);
   1653 	XChangeProperty(dpy, wmcheckwin, netatom[NetWMName], utf8string, 8,
   1654 		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) "dwm", 3);
   1655 	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetWMCheck], XA_WINDOW, 32,
   1656 		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) &wmcheckwin, 1);
   1657 	/* EWMH support per view */
   1658 	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
   1659 		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
   1660 	XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList]);
   1661 	/* select events */
   1662 	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal]->cursor;
   1663 	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask
   1664 		|ButtonPressMask|PointerMotionMask|EnterWindowMask
   1665 		|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask|PropertyChangeMask;
   1666 	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
   1667 	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
   1668 	grabkeys();
   1669 	focus(NULL);
   1670 }
   1671 
   1672 void
   1673 seturgent(Client *c, int urg)
   1674 {
   1675 	XWMHints *wmh;
   1676 
   1677 	c->isurgent = urg;
   1678 	if (!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
   1679 		return;
   1680 	wmh->flags = urg ? (wmh->flags | XUrgencyHint) : (wmh->flags & ~XUrgencyHint);
   1681 	XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
   1682 	XFree(wmh);
   1683 }
   1684 
   1685 void
   1686 showhide(Client *c)
   1687 {
   1688 	if (!c)
   1689 		return;
   1690 	if (ISVISIBLE(c)) {
   1691 		if ((c->tags & SPTAGMASK) && c->isfloating) {
   1692 			c->x = c->mon->wx + (c->mon->ww / 2 - WIDTH(c) / 2);
   1693 			c->y = c->mon->wy + (c->mon->wh / 2 - HEIGHT(c) / 2);
   1694 		}
   1695 		/* show clients top down */
   1696 		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
   1697 		if ((!c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating) && fakefullscreen && !c->isfullscreen)
   1698 			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, 0);
   1699 		showhide(c->snext);
   1700 	} else {
   1701 		/* hide clients bottom up */
   1702 		showhide(c->snext);
   1703 		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, WIDTH(c) * -2, c->y);
   1704 	}
   1705 }
   1706 
   1707 void
   1708 spawn(const Arg *arg)
   1709 {
   1710 	struct sigaction sa;
   1711 
   1712 	if (arg->v == dmenucmd)
   1713 		dmenumon[0] = '0' + selmon->num;
   1714 	if (fork() == 0) {
   1715 		if (dpy)
   1716 			close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
   1717 		setsid();
   1718 
   1719 		sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
   1720 		sa.sa_flags = 0;
   1721 		sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
   1722 		sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
   1723 
   1724 		execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
   1725 		die("dwm: execvp '%s' failed:", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
   1726 	}
   1727 }
   1728 
   1729 void
   1730 tag(const Arg *arg)
   1731 {
   1732 	if (selmon->sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
   1733 		selmon->sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
   1734 		focus(NULL);
   1735 		arrange(selmon);
   1736 	}
   1737 }
   1738 
   1739 void
   1740 tagmon(const Arg *arg)
   1741 {
   1742 	if (!selmon->sel || !mons->next)
   1743 		return;
   1744 	sendmon(selmon->sel, dirtomon(arg->i));
   1745 }
   1746 
   1747 void
   1748 togglebar(const Arg *arg)
   1749 {
   1750 	selmon->showbar = !selmon->showbar;
   1751 	updatebarpos(selmon);
   1752 	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, selmon->barwin, selmon->wx, selmon->by, selmon->ww, bh);
   1753 	arrange(selmon);
   1754 }
   1755 
   1756 void
   1757 togglefakefull(const Arg *arg)
   1758 {
   1759 	fakefullscreen = !fakefullscreen;
   1760 	if (selmon->sel && selmon->sel->isfullscreen)
   1761 		setfullscreen(selmon->sel, 0);
   1762 }
   1763 
   1764 void
   1765 togglefloating(const Arg *arg)
   1766 {
   1767 	if (!selmon->sel)
   1768 		return;
   1769 	if (selmon->sel->isfullscreen) /* no support for fullscreen windows */
   1770 		return;
   1771 	selmon->sel->isfloating = !selmon->sel->isfloating || selmon->sel->isfixed;
   1772 	if (selmon->sel->isfloating)
   1773 		resize(selmon->sel, selmon->sel->x, selmon->sel->y,
   1774 			selmon->sel->w, selmon->sel->h, 0);
   1775 	arrange(selmon);
   1776 }
   1777 
   1778 void
   1779 togglefullscr(const Arg *arg)
   1780 {
   1781 	if (!fakefullscreen && selmon->sel)
   1782 		setfullscreen(selmon->sel, !selmon->sel->isfullscreen);
   1783 }
   1784 
   1785 void
   1786 togglescratch(const Arg *arg)
   1787 {
   1788 	Client *c;
   1789 	unsigned int found = 0;
   1790 	unsigned int scratchtag = SPTAG(arg->ui);
   1791 	Arg sparg = {.v = scratchpads[arg->ui].cmd};
   1792 
   1793 	for (c = selmon->clients; c && !(found = c->tags & scratchtag); c = c->next);
   1794 	if (found) {
   1795 		unsigned int newtagset = selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] ^ scratchtag;
   1796 		if (newtagset) {
   1797 			selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = newtagset;
   1798 			focus(NULL);
   1799 			arrange(selmon);
   1800 		}
   1801 		if (ISVISIBLE(c)) {
   1802 			focus(c);
   1803 			restack(selmon);
   1804 		}
   1805 	} else {
   1806 		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] |= scratchtag;
   1807 		spawn(&sparg);
   1808 	}
   1809 }
   1810 
   1811 void
   1812 toggletag(const Arg *arg)
   1813 {
   1814 	unsigned int newtags;
   1815 
   1816 	if (!selmon->sel)
   1817 		return;
   1818 	newtags = selmon->sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
   1819 	if (newtags) {
   1820 		selmon->sel->tags = newtags;
   1821 		focus(NULL);
   1822 		arrange(selmon);
   1823 	}
   1824 }
   1825 
   1826 void
   1827 toggleview(const Arg *arg)
   1828 {
   1829 	unsigned int newtagset = selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
   1830 
   1831 	if (newtagset) {
   1832 		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = newtagset;
   1833 		focus(NULL);
   1834 		arrange(selmon);
   1835 	}
   1836 }
   1837 
   1838 void
   1839 unfocus(Client *c, int setfocus)
   1840 {
   1841 	if (!c)
   1842 		return;
   1843 	grabbuttons(c, 0);
   1844 	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, scheme[SchemeNorm][ColBorder].pixel);
   1845 	if (setfocus) {
   1846 		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
   1847 		XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
   1848 	}
   1849 }
   1850 
   1851 void
   1852 unmanage(Client *c, int destroyed)
   1853 {
   1854 	Monitor *m = c->mon;
   1855 	XWindowChanges wc;
   1856 
   1857 	detach(c);
   1858 	detachstack(c);
   1859 	if (!destroyed) {
   1860 		wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
   1861 		XGrabServer(dpy); /* avoid race conditions */
   1862 		XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
   1863 		XSelectInput(dpy, c->win, NoEventMask);
   1864 		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
   1865 		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
   1866 		setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
   1867 		XSync(dpy, False);
   1868 		XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
   1869 		XUngrabServer(dpy);
   1870 	}
   1871 	free(c);
   1872 	focus(NULL);
   1873 	updateclientlist();
   1874 	arrange(m);
   1875 }
   1876 
   1877 void
   1878 unmapnotify(XEvent *e)
   1879 {
   1880 	Client *c;
   1881 	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
   1882 
   1883 	if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
   1884 		if (ev->send_event)
   1885 			setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
   1886 		else
   1887 			unmanage(c, 0);
   1888 	}
   1889 }
   1890 
   1891 void
   1892 updatebars(void)
   1893 {
   1894 	Monitor *m;
   1895 	XSetWindowAttributes wa = {
   1896 		.override_redirect = True,
   1897 		.background_pixmap = ParentRelative,
   1898 		.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask
   1899 	};
   1900 	XClassHint ch = {"dwm", "dwm"};
   1901 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
   1902 		if (m->barwin)
   1903 			continue;
   1904 		m->barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
   1905 				CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
   1906 				CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
   1907 		XDefineCursor(dpy, m->barwin, cursor[CurNormal]->cursor);
   1908 		XMapRaised(dpy, m->barwin);
   1909 		XSetClassHint(dpy, m->barwin, &ch);
   1910 	}
   1911 }
   1912 
   1913 void
   1914 updatebarpos(Monitor *m)
   1915 {
   1916 	m->wy = m->my;
   1917 	m->wh = m->mh;
   1918 	if (m->showbar) {
   1919 		m->wh -= bh;
   1920 		m->by = m->topbar ? m->wy : m->wy + m->wh;
   1921 		m->wy = m->topbar ? m->wy + bh : m->wy;
   1922 	} else
   1923 		m->by = -bh;
   1924 }
   1925 
   1926 void
   1927 updateclientlist(void)
   1928 {
   1929 	Client *c;
   1930 	Monitor *m;
   1931 
   1932 	XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList]);
   1933 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
   1934 		for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
   1935 			XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList],
   1936 				XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeAppend,
   1937 				(unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);
   1938 }
   1939 
   1940 int
   1941 updategeom(void)
   1942 {
   1943 	int dirty = 0;
   1944 
   1945 #ifdef XINERAMA
   1946 	if (XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
   1947 		int i, j, n, nn;
   1948 		Client *c;
   1949 		Monitor *m;
   1950 		XineramaScreenInfo *info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &nn);
   1951 		XineramaScreenInfo *unique = NULL;
   1952 
   1953 		for (n = 0, m = mons; m; m = m->next, n++);
   1954 		/* only consider unique geometries as separate screens */
   1955 		unique = ecalloc(nn, sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo));
   1956 		for (i = 0, j = 0; i < nn; i++)
   1957 			if (isuniquegeom(unique, j, &info[i]))
   1958 				memcpy(&unique[j++], &info[i], sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo));
   1959 		XFree(info);
   1960 		nn = j;
   1961 
   1962 		/* new monitors if nn > n */
   1963 		for (i = n; i < nn; i++) {
   1964 			for (m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
   1965 			if (m)
   1966 				m->next = createmon();
   1967 			else
   1968 				mons = createmon();
   1969 		}
   1970 		for (i = 0, m = mons; i < nn && m; m = m->next, i++)
   1971 			if (i >= n
   1972 			|| unique[i].x_org != m->mx || unique[i].y_org != m->my
   1973 			|| unique[i].width != m->mw || unique[i].height != m->mh)
   1974 			{
   1975 				dirty = 1;
   1976 				m->num = i;
   1977 				m->mx = m->wx = unique[i].x_org;
   1978 				m->my = m->wy = unique[i].y_org;
   1979 				m->mw = m->ww = unique[i].width;
   1980 				m->mh = m->wh = unique[i].height;
   1981 				updatebarpos(m);
   1982 			}
   1983 		/* removed monitors if n > nn */
   1984 		for (i = nn; i < n; i++) {
   1985 			for (m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
   1986 			while ((c = m->clients)) {
   1987 				dirty = 1;
   1988 				m->clients = c->next;
   1989 				detachstack(c);
   1990 				c->mon = mons;
   1991 				attach(c);
   1992 				attachstack(c);
   1993 			}
   1994 			if (m == selmon)
   1995 				selmon = mons;
   1996 			cleanupmon(m);
   1997 		}
   1998 		free(unique);
   1999 	} else
   2000 #endif /* XINERAMA */
   2001 	{ /* default monitor setup */
   2002 		if (!mons)
   2003 			mons = createmon();
   2004 		if (mons->mw != sw || mons->mh != sh) {
   2005 			dirty = 1;
   2006 			mons->mw = mons->ww = sw;
   2007 			mons->mh = mons->wh = sh;
   2008 			updatebarpos(mons);
   2009 		}
   2010 	}
   2011 	if (dirty) {
   2012 		selmon = mons;
   2013 		selmon = wintomon(root);
   2014 	}
   2015 	return dirty;
   2016 }
   2017 
   2018 void
   2019 updatenumlockmask(void)
   2020 {
   2021 	unsigned int i, j;
   2022 	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
   2023 
   2024 	numlockmask = 0;
   2025 	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
   2026 	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
   2027 		for (j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
   2028 			if (modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
   2029 				== XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
   2030 				numlockmask = (1 << i);
   2031 	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
   2032 }
   2033 
   2034 void
   2035 updatesizehints(Client *c)
   2036 {
   2037 	long msize;
   2038 	XSizeHints size;
   2039 
   2040 	if (!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
   2041 		/* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
   2042 		size.flags = PSize;
   2043 	if (size.flags & PBaseSize) {
   2044 		c->basew = size.base_width;
   2045 		c->baseh = size.base_height;
   2046 	} else if (size.flags & PMinSize) {
   2047 		c->basew = size.min_width;
   2048 		c->baseh = size.min_height;
   2049 	} else
   2050 		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
   2051 	if (size.flags & PResizeInc) {
   2052 		c->incw = size.width_inc;
   2053 		c->inch = size.height_inc;
   2054 	} else
   2055 		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
   2056 	if (size.flags & PMaxSize) {
   2057 		c->maxw = size.max_width;
   2058 		c->maxh = size.max_height;
   2059 	} else
   2060 		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
   2061 	if (size.flags & PMinSize) {
   2062 		c->minw = size.min_width;
   2063 		c->minh = size.min_height;
   2064 	} else if (size.flags & PBaseSize) {
   2065 		c->minw = size.base_width;
   2066 		c->minh = size.base_height;
   2067 	} else
   2068 		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
   2069 	if (size.flags & PAspect) {
   2070 		c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / size.min_aspect.x;
   2071 		c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / size.max_aspect.y;
   2072 	} else
   2073 		c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
   2074 	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->maxh && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
   2075 	c->hintsvalid = 1;
   2076 }
   2077 
   2078 void
   2079 updatestatus(void)
   2080 {
   2081 	if (!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
   2082 		strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
   2083 	drawbar(selmon);
   2084 }
   2085 
   2086 void
   2087 updatetitle(Client *c)
   2088 {
   2089 	if (!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
   2090 		gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
   2091 	if (c->name[0] == '\0') /* hack to mark broken clients */
   2092 		strcpy(c->name, broken);
   2093 }
   2094 
   2095 void
   2096 updatewindowtype(Client *c)
   2097 {
   2098 	Atom state = getatomprop(c, netatom[NetWMState]);
   2099 	Atom wtype = getatomprop(c, netatom[NetWMWindowType]);
   2100 
   2101 	if (state == netatom[NetWMFullscreen])
   2102 		setfullscreen(c, 1);
   2103 	if (wtype == netatom[NetWMWindowTypeDialog])
   2104 		c->isfloating = 1;
   2105 }
   2106 
   2107 void
   2108 updatewmhints(Client *c)
   2109 {
   2110 	XWMHints *wmh;
   2111 
   2112 	if ((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
   2113 		if (c == selmon->sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
   2114 			wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
   2115 			XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
   2116 		} else
   2117 			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? 1 : 0;
   2118 		if (wmh->flags & InputHint)
   2119 			c->neverfocus = !wmh->input;
   2120 		else
   2121 			c->neverfocus = 0;
   2122 		XFree(wmh);
   2123 	}
   2124 }
   2125 
   2126 void
   2127 view(const Arg *arg)
   2128 {
   2129 	if ((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags])
   2130 		return;
   2131 	selmon->seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
   2132 	if (arg->ui & TAGMASK)
   2133 		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
   2134 	focus(NULL);
   2135 	arrange(selmon);
   2136 }
   2137 
   2138 Client *
   2139 wintoclient(Window w)
   2140 {
   2141 	Client *c;
   2142 	Monitor *m;
   2143 
   2144 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
   2145 		for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
   2146 			if (c->win == w)
   2147 				return c;
   2148 	return NULL;
   2149 }
   2150 
   2151 Monitor *
   2152 wintomon(Window w)
   2153 {
   2154 	int x, y;
   2155 	Client *c;
   2156 	Monitor *m;
   2157 
   2158 	if (w == root && getrootptr(&x, &y))
   2159 		return recttomon(x, y, 1, 1);
   2160 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
   2161 		if (w == m->barwin)
   2162 			return m;
   2163 	if ((c = wintoclient(w)))
   2164 		return c->mon;
   2165 	return selmon;
   2166 }
   2167 
   2168 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
   2169  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's). Other types of errors call Xlibs
   2170  * default error handler, which may call exit. */
   2171 int
   2172 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee)
   2173 {
   2174 	if (ee->error_code == BadWindow
   2175 	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
   2176 	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
   2177 	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
   2178 	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
   2179 	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
   2180 	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
   2181 	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
   2182 	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
   2183 		return 0;
   2184 	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
   2185 		ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
   2186 	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
   2187 }
   2188 
   2189 int
   2190 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee)
   2191 {
   2192 	return 0;
   2193 }
   2194 
   2195 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
   2196  * is already running. */
   2197 int
   2198 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee)
   2199 {
   2200 	die("dwm: another window manager is already running");
   2201 	return -1;
   2202 }
   2203 
   2204 void
   2205 zoom(const Arg *arg)
   2206 {
   2207 	Client *c = selmon->sel;
   2208 
   2209 	if (!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || !c || c->isfloating)
   2210 		return;
   2211 	if (c == nexttiled(selmon->clients) && !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
   2212 		return;
   2213 	pop(c);
   2214 }
   2215 
   2216 int
   2217 main(int argc, char *argv[])
   2218 {
   2219 	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
   2220 		die("dwm-"VERSION);
   2221 	else if (argc != 1)
   2222 		die("usage: dwm [-v]");
   2223 	if (!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
   2224 		fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
   2225 	if (!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
   2226 		die("dwm: cannot open display");
   2227 	checkotherwm();
   2228 	setup();
   2229 #ifdef __OpenBSD__
   2230 	if (pledge("stdio rpath proc exec", NULL) == -1)
   2231 		die("pledge");
   2232 #endif /* __OpenBSD__ */
   2233 	scan();
   2234 	run();
   2235 	cleanup();
   2236 	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
   2237 	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
   2238 }